Comment dans un verse qui est dans la langue grecque ancienne nous trouvons un mot de la langue francaise moderne.

Commensons donc le fascinant voyage des mots de l'Antiquite a' nos jours et la relation unique et indissociable de la France avec la culture et l'esprit de la Grece.

Callimaque de Cyrene etait un ancien poete grec ne en 305 av.JC. etait un representant de la poesie alexandrine a'l'epoque de Ptolemee II Philadelphe.

En grec ancien-Kαλλίμαχος της Κυρήνης-Callimaque de Cyrene-Kalimachos tis Kirinis.

Callimaque a ecrit ce grand hymne a' la deesse Artemis que nous lirons ci-dessous et dont nous decouvrirons avec un grande suprise la phrase et le mot qui cache la similitude avec le mot et la phrase modernes francais.

Je vais commencer par le verset ou se trouvent la phrase et le mot.

Hymne de Callimaque a'Artemis d'Ephese verset 238:εν κοτε παρραλίη Εφέσω βρέτας ιδρύσαντο.

au verset 238-il dit en grec ancien"εν κοτε παρραλίη Εφέσω-signifie"a'cote d'Ephese"-εν κοτε qui est a'cote-en cote,c'est comme ca sonne en grec ancien.

Ceux qui connaissent la langue grecque ancienne ou la langue greque combrendront,mais en general c'est un mot tout a'fait comprehensible par tout le monde.

"Eν κοτε-a'cote"-et parle d'un endroit ou bord de la mer,comme le "cote d'Ephese"-"cote d'Azur" en francais moderne. 

Callimaque verset 238

mais nous verrons et un autre connexion d' Artemis d' Ephese avec Marceille France.

photo:"Temple d'Artemis a'Ephese"

Izmir -Ville Selcuk-Turquie

Le temple d'Artemis d'Ephese fait partie des 7 merveilles du monde.

Chaque mot est une histoire courte...un voyage de recherche.

Strabon-Stravon-(Στραβων en grec ancien)64-63 avant JC 

Geographe et historien grec vivant en Anatolia pendant l'Empire Romain a decrit le temple d'Artemis d'Ephese a' Marseille en France.

"Marseille-Massalia-Μασσαλία en grec"est situee sur un edroit rocheux,au cap se trouve le temple d'Artemis d'Ephese mais aussi d' Apollon Delfinius (des Dauphins) et d'Athena.

Selon les descriptions il y avait aussi un "Xoanon"c'est -a'-dire une statue de culte en bois qui serait tombee du ciel"

Strabon-Στράβων 64-65 av.JC 

"Le temple d' Artemis d'Ephese etait un sanctuaire de l'ancienne Marseille-Μασσαλία dedie a' la deesse Artemis.

Le sanctuaire est associe a' la mythologie entourant la fondation de la Ville de Mars

eilles par les Grecs Phoceens

vers 600 avant JC."

Photo:Jardin des Vestiges site archeologique du port antique de Marseille.

 Hymnes de Callimaque a' la deesse Artemis d' Ephese en ancien grec

3.225-3.268 

"237-σοί και Αμαζόνες πολέμου επιθυμήτειραι

238-εν κοτε παρραλίη Εφέση βρέτας ιδρύσαντο

239-φηγώ υπό πρέμνω,τέλεσεν δε τοι ιερόν ίππώ

240-αυταί δ'Ούπι άνασσα,περί πρύλιν ωρχίσαντο

241-πρώτα μεν εν σακέεσιν ενόπλιον,αύθι δε κύκλω"

Anais Zolie

The Ancient Calendar of Attica

The Ancient Calendar of Attica

This unique one and only calendar of the ancient greek civilization is 22 centuries old and is located on the facade of the church Panagia Gorgoepikoos and Saint Eleftherios- Mitropoleos square Athens Greece.

-Every section of it,shows a month,in human form.

Depicting celebrations,seasons or agricultural events.

It starts with the month "Pianepsion".

(Equivalent of October and November).

-Every month of the ancient calendar was devoted to one or two of the 12 Gods of Olympus.

The day for the ancients greeks started from sunset not at the midnight as we count it today in the modern world.

The new year's eve for the ancient Athenians started on the 1st of "Ekatomvaeon".

The months according to the ancient Athenian Calendar are:

Ekatomvaeon=16/17 July-14/15 August-Apollo

Metagitnion=15/16 August-13/14 September-Apollo

Voidromion=14/15 September - 12/13 October-Apollo

Pianepsion=13/14 October-11/12 November-Apollo

Memaktirion=12/13 Noveber-11/12 December-Zeus

Posidon=12/13 December-9/10 January-Posidon

Gamilion=10/11 January -8/9 February-Zeus-Hera

Anthestirion=9/10 February-8/9 March-Dionysus

Elafivolion=9/10 March-7/8 April-Artemis

Mounιchion=8/9 April-6/7 May-Artemis

Thargelion=7/8 May-4/5 June-Artemis-Apollo

Skirophorion=5/6 June-4/5 July-Athena

The ancient  Athenian calendar dates back to 776 BC and with the first Olympian Games of Ancient times, it took it's final form in 430 BC  from the ancient greek astronomer Metonas.

Later the calendar was further improved by Hipparchus.

Every month had either 30 days or 29 days.

On the facade of this church - Panagia Gorgoepikoos and Saint Eleftherios- there is the ancient Athenian calendar.

It is a 12th century church with exceptional architectural aesthetics.

The temple has been built on the remaine of ancient greek temple which was devoted to goddess Eilithia.(the protector of birth -newborns and mothers-freed women from the pain of childbirth)

-The architecture of this church is four column cruciform in shape.

It was built of  marble remains from older ancient monuments.

Re - discovering ancient treasures today...in modern Athens...

I believe that, at least once in our lives, all of us have asked ourselves what it would be like, to live in ancient times. How would we live, what would we do, what good or bad (or just different) situations we would encounter. Such questions remain unanswered, since there’s no “time machines” readily available for sale at the stores, at least not for now…Right?

…Or wrong?

What if there was a place we could walk around, (in a city for example), and every 50, 100 meters, be able to see EXACTLY what the ancient people would see, some 2000+ years ago? Now, would not that be something worth living? And what a better way to spend my holidays, other than making a trip to the past? I have always thought of holidays as a perfect time to rest, enjoy, free your mind and explore at the same time. So, on with the (re)discovering…

Recently, a 1909 publication, “Time and its measurement” by James Arthur (copyright 1909, by H. H. Windsor), caught my attention. In page 20, there was a reference about an ancient building – clock, located somewhere in Athens. Sure it must have been intact at the time the book was published, but does it still exist today? For me, as a researcher, there were no second thoughts; I HAD to find out.

But first, I must mention…

 A few facts about the ancient Greeks…

In ancient Greece, the different cities were also different States, they had their own coin, their own political system and their own army. One of the ancient greek cities that can still be found intact, having survived many historical war conflicts (raids, Romans, Ottomans, World Wars, etc) in modern Greece, is Athens.

The number of ancient structures that can be found (almost) intact today in modern Athens, is astonishing. Most people know only about the “Parthenon” (which really is an excellent example of ancient architecture and full of optical illusions, or better say “architectural secrets”). But there are a great deal of other sites worth “rediscovering” also, since the ancient Greeks were famous not only for their way of thinking (i.e. philosophers, mathematicians, doctors), but also for their technical innovations and advanced engineering.

It’s widely accepted that “he who holds knowledge, holds power”. And the ancient people who could calculate TIME, and therefore could foresee tides, changes of seasons, when the moon or the sun would show or disappear, could even stop wars, manipulate Kings, or even play God. That’s how powerful they were, in the eyes of the ignorants.

But the Greeks were different, in a way that they would always share their knowledge with everyone. And they would place their discoveries out in the open, for everyone to see and use.

So, on with the…

(Re)discovery…

Such a place is the ancient “Clock of Andronikos”, or let’s say, the “Big Ben” of ancient Athens. It was a solar AND hydraulic clock (in case there’s no sun rays - for the cloudy days, or for measuring time through the night) and a wind direction device at the same time, allowing the viewer to predict the weather. Therefore it was a complete “weather station”, open for everyone and for every day/night use, and the OLDEST known ancient weather station IN THE WORLD! The building is now believed to have been used by the ancients as a “planetarium” (Study of architect Hermann Kienast).  

  

It was built by the ancient astronomer Andronikos, some 100 years B.C. Through the ages, the building was also used as a church by the Christians and as a gathering place for the Muslim monks of the Ottoman Empire. After 1828, it was abandoned, until the recent times, when it was first opened to public after structural restoration, in 2016. Its shape is octagonal, 13,85m high, 7,9m wide (diameter), with each side of the octagon measuring 3,25m. The whole structure is built with “Pentelikon” marble. The top (roof) formed a pointed top, on which there was a metallic wind pointer, in the shape of the mythical sea creature “Triton”...

...which rotated by the wind, showing one of the eight sides of the building, and at the same time, pointing at one of the eight statues of the different winds, located to the upper external sides of the building.

Each wind (statue) in each side, would indicate the weather, as following;

N-    Cold weather (Vorias)

NW-Warmer winter weather (Skiron)

W-   Mild weather (Zephyr)

SW- Warm weather (Livas)

S-     Rainy weather (Notos)

SE-   Strong winter winds, and start of spring season (Evros)

E-     Warm rainy spring weather (Apiliotis)

NE-  Heavy storms weather (Kekias)

     So, there you have it; the oldest weather station in the world. If you find yourself walking in Athens, make sure to visit this site. It’s unique, and worth your time. As for me, on with the next (re)discovery, deep into the ancient times…

Thanks for reading.

Anais Zolie